Echo..... Definasi dan Indikasi

Selalunya bila kita sebut pasal buat prosedur dan report Echo,ramai MA yang pening kepala,sebab rasa susah.Sebenarnya kalau kita betul2 faham tentang echo ia tak lah susah mana.

Sebenarnya semua MA boleh melakukan dan mahir dalam bidang ini,berikut adalah ciri2 yang mesti ada pada seorang MA echo atau cardiosounografer.

1. Berdisplin,minat yang mendalam tentang jantung serta agrasif ( tapi bukan MA haluan kiri plak) agrasif disini bermaksud tidak lembik,pasif,hanya duduk tengok senior buat kerja.
2. Mempunyai pengetahuan yang luas dalam anatomy,fisiologi dan patologi atau penyakit2 yang berkaitan dengan jantung.
3. Hendaklah mahir tentang ECG
4. Tahu serba sedikit tentang "Chest X-ray"
5. Mestilah berjawatan Penolong Pegawai Perubatan (yang ni aku pandai2 je tambah)

DEFINASI ECHOCARDIOGRAM

Science investigation Radiology,a test which uses high frequency sound waves to image the heart and surrounding tissues.

sumber : www.biology.online.org

INDIKASI ECHOCARDIOGRAM

Indikasi echo adalah satu element yang paling penting dalam perkhidmatan ini.Ia berfunsi sebagai garis panduan bagi menentukan kes2 yang perlu dan tidak perlu untuk menjalani ujian ini.berikut adalah indikasi echocardiogram yang telah digezetkan di Hospital Ampang.

INDICATIONS FOR ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN HOSPITAL AMPANG

INTRODUCTION

With advences in technology,there are increasing indications for the application of an Echocardiography in our daily clinical practice.However to streamline the request for echocardiography services,the following indications have been established, based on the report of the American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Tesk Force on Practice Guidelines for the Clinical Application of Echocardiography.


EMERGENCY ECHO ( IMMEDIATE )

1. Post Acute STEMI
· New onset of murmur
· Suspected acquired VSD or papillary muscle dysfunction.

2. Pericardial Temponade

3. Suspected Pulmonary Embolism.

4. suspected Aortic Dissection

URGENT ECHO ( WITHIN 24 HRS )

1. Post Acute STEMI
· Assess Lv function,EF, Wall motion
· LV clot/ anuerysm

2. Acute Coronary syndrome ( NSTEMI )
· Assess LV function, EF, wall motion

3. Suspected Endocarditis
· Assess valves and vegetations

4. cardiomyopathy in Acute Heart Failure.
· Assess Lv function, EF, Wall motion.

5. Pre – Cardioversion.
· Haemodynamically unstable Chronic Atrial Fibrillation

6. Congenital Heart Diseases
· Determine type of CHD and Anatomic abnormalities
· Eisenmenger’s syndrome

7. Pulmonary Heart Diseasis
· Assess severity of PHT

8. Assessment of valve lesions.
· Comfirmation of clinical findings
· Assessment of haemodynamic severity
· Assessment Cof valve
· Assessment of chamber size
· Suspected of Prosthetic Valve dysfunction

9. Ischaemic Heart diseasis ( where clinically indicated )
· Measurement of Lv function at rest.
· Assessment of wall motion

10.Cardiomyopathy
· Both dilated and Hypertophic Cardiomyopathy

11. Pericardial Diseasis
· Assessment of chronic Pericardial Diseasis, not in temponade

12. Arrhythemias & Palpitations
· When there is clinical suspicion that it may be due to a cardiac
pathology

13. syncope
· When there is clinical suspicion that may be due to a cardiac
pathology.

14.Hypertension ( Not indicated as a routine assessment )
· Only where assessment of LV function in important in clinical
decision making
· Patient with CCS class II or NYHA II or less and can achieved at
least 4 MEtS of activity, there is usually no need for an Echo or
stress Test.

OTHER INDICATION INCLUDE ( NOT URGENT AND CAN BE
SHEDULED ELECTIVELY )

1. Assessment of patient with Neurological events and Vascular
occlusive events.

2. Cardiotoxic ( chemotherapy base line studies )

3. Heamatological Conditions
· Not indicated as routine assessment.

· Only for patient clinically significant of cardiac events.